Global Urban Growth
Urbanisation:
Counter urbanisation
Megacities
Slow growing |
Growing |
Rapidly growing |
Where: South East Asia, Europe and North America Features: 70%+ urban population No squatter settlements Examples: Tokyo Moscow LA |
Where: South America and South East Asia Features: 40-50% urban population Under 20% in squatter settlement Examples: Rio de Janeiro Beijing Mexico City |
Where: South/South East Asia and Africa Features: Under 50% urban population Over 20% in squatter settlements Examples: Jakarta Mumbai Lagos |
.There are two main reasons why megacities are growing in size and number:
Therefore, more children will be born because they are at the age where they would start a family.
The smaller proportion of older people means that the death rate is lower.
Improvements to healthcare, particular in urban areas of poorer countries, can also result in lower death rate.
Natural Increase therefore tends to be higher in LICs (e.g. Cambodia) and in some NEEs (e.g. India)
2. Rural to Urban migration
The movement of people from the countryside to the city can be due to many push and pull factors.
Most of the reasons are the same as the reasons for urbanisation.
- Natural Increase:
Therefore, more children will be born because they are at the age where they would start a family.
The smaller proportion of older people means that the death rate is lower.
Improvements to healthcare, particular in urban areas of poorer countries, can also result in lower death rate.
Natural Increase therefore tends to be higher in LICs (e.g. Cambodia) and in some NEEs (e.g. India)
2. Rural to Urban migration
The movement of people from the countryside to the city can be due to many push and pull factors.
Most of the reasons are the same as the reasons for urbanisation.